Nisin box price, antibacterial mechanism

The antibacterial mechanism of Nisin mainly includes the change of cell membrane permeability and metabolic inhibition, which are as follows:

1. Change of Cell Membrane Permeability

"Pore Theory"

Nisin is a small positively charged peptide that can be adsorbed onto the cell membrane of Gram-positive bacteria through electrostatic interactions. The C-terminal and N-terminal of its amino acids bind to the phosphate ester layer on the cell membrane, and then it invades the bacterial cell membrane to form permeable pores. This changes the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell. Small molecular substances inside the cell (such as amino acids, nucleotides, etc.) flow out, and water molecules outside the cell flow in. Eventually, the cell dies due to autolysis.

Interaction with Lipid II

Nisin can bind to lipid II on the cell membrane. This binding not only affects the synthesis of the cell wall but also may change the structure and function of the cell membrane, increasing the permeability of the cell membrane and causing the leakage of cell contents, leading to the death of bacteria.

2. Metabolic Inhibition

Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis

Nisin can combine with the precursor substances of the bacterial cell wall, preventing the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall, resulting in cell wall defects, making the bacteria lose their growth ability, and ultimately inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

Interference with Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis

Nisin may bind to the RNA polymerase of bacteria, thereby inhibiting the gene transcription and protein synthesis of bacteria. Without the necessary proteins, the metabolic activities of bacteria cannot proceed normally, and their growth and reproduction are inhibited.

Induction of Stress Response

Nisin can induce the stress response of bacteria, activate the suicidal enzyme system of bacteria, promote the self-elimination of bacteria, and thus inhibit the growth and reproduction of the bacterial population.